13. Diplomatic misunderstandings can often be traced back to blunders in translation.
a. mistakes  b. attempts  c. insults  d. arguments
14. Many movies receive disparaging reviews from film experts and yet become extremely successful.
a. authoritative  b. lengthy  c. uninteresting  d. negative
15. The space _______ in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.
a. initiated   b. originated  c. embarked  d. commenced
16. The fire has caused great losses, but the factory tried to _______ the consequences by saying that the damage was not as serious as reported.
a. decrease  b. subtract  c. minimize  d. degrade
17. Satellite communications are so up-to-date that even ______ in the
a. gliding  b. cruising  c. piloting  d. patrolling
18. In the past ten years skyscrapers have developed ______ in Chicago and New York.
a. homogeneously b. simultaneously c. spontaneously d. harmoniously
19. Even when textbooks are _________ through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly.
a. commonplace b. standardized c. competitive d. generalized
20. The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been _________.
a. identified  b. guaranteed c. noticed  d. conveyed
Part II Eliminating Unnecessary Words. (20%)
Example: If it is true, as it seems to be, that life makes a wise man smile and a foolish man cry …
Perhaps the most interesting person I have ever met is an interesting Italian professor of philosophy who teaches courses at University of Pisa in Italy. Although I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten over the long years his special qualities. First of all, I was impressed from the beginning by his complete devotion to teaching his students. Because his lectures were always well-prepared and invariably clearly delivered, a great many students always swarmed into his classroom, filling the classroom to capacity. His many followers also appreciated the fact that he thoroughly believed in what he taught to students and that he was always intellectually stimulating to hear. Further more, he could be counted on in every class session to explain his ideas in an imaginative way, introducing such various aids to student understanding as oiling painting,

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